In Catalonia, taking sand, shells or stones from beaches is illegal under Spain's Coastal Law. The rule applies across the coast, and fines can range from €60,000 to €300,000 when natural elements are removed without authorisation.
The law is designed to protect coastal areas and prevent their gradual damage. It also sits alongside biodiversity rules that limit the removal of materials that form part of the natural environment.
Penalties are usually lower for minor offences, but they can rise sharply if the extraction has a significant environmental impact. Authorities look at the effect on beach conservation and the natural balance of the area.
Shells are not just decoration, they help marine ecosystems by providing shelter for small organisms and contributing to new sediment formation. Their presence supports biodiversity and the functioning of coastal habitats.
Many coastal councils also have local ordinances that add further restrictions. These can bring extra penalties for people who remove materials or damage the natural environment without permission. For broader local coverage, see our Catalonia news page.
As summer approaches and more people head to the coast, authorities say the cumulative impact of these actions is a concern. The aim is to keep beaches protected for both the environment and public use.